Bullying And Its Effects On Society - 1709 Words

The world today needs to understand that bullying is not something that happens just on the playground anymore where the bully stole your lunch money. Bullying has evolved just like everything else in the world. It has taken over the social network that today’s teens have seemingly become obsessed with. Social media websites such as Twitter, Facebook and Instagram allow users to insult, bully and threaten other users without any fear of punishment. Along with the social network, bullying has taken over majority of today’s technology, such as smart phones, tablets, and computers. Although the bullies themselves remain to be peers, they have just become more malicious than ever. According to the United States Department of Health and†¦show more content†¦To help stop cyberbullying, parents need to be more involved in what their teens are doing on websites such as these because with the freedom these adolescents believe they contain, it allows them to bully a nd threaten others with ease, which in turn can lead the victim to take drastic measures whether it is in concealment or in a public area and teens need to be educated on the real life cases that have already happened to help prevent it from happening again. Parents need to be more involved and better monitor what their teens are doing on social media. Teens feel they are completely free to do and say what they want online without any fear of consequences. These sites allow cyberbullies to hide behind a screen without facing an actual person at all. Many states do not have laws against this type of verbal assault. Unfortunately, attention only rises to these situations after the victim has taken drastic measures. This is where parents need to be more involved. If these bullies had more guidance, restrictions, and education at home, there would be a major decline in the amount of cyberbullying that plagues today’s youth. Several cities around the nation are considering passing laws that will hold parents responsible for the actions of their children in desperation to stop cyberbullying among youths (Swan 2015). Studies from 2013 showed that 15% of students in high school were bullied online by their peers (U.S Department of Health and Human Services). If

The Hobbit Hero’s Journey Free Essays

â€Å"A hero ventures forth from the world of the common day into a region of supernatural wonder: fabulous forces are there encountered and a decisive victory is won: the hero comes back from the mysterious adventure with the power to bestow boons on his fellow man† (Campbell, The Hero with a Thousand Faces). Joseph Campbell, an expert on mythology has outlined a standard form for heroic stories. He identifies ten stages in a hero’s journey, noting that all of the stages have to occur in every heroic story. We will write a custom essay sample on The Hobbit Hero’s Journey or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the novel, The Hobbit, by J. R. R. Tolkien, Bilbo Baggins is described as an unlikely hero. According to Campbell, heroes are often the most unlikely person that anyone would expect to be chosen for an adventure. Bilbo goes through many of the stages identified by Campbell for a hero’s journey such as: being called to an adventure, attempting to reject the opportunity, encouraging Gandalf, a helper whoguides  and protects him, and leaving the safe haven of his hobbit home to cross the threshold venturing into the unknown. Bilbo Baggins is described as a respectable hobbit who comes from a rich family that never did anything unexpected, and never took adventures. His peaceful life was interrupted one day by a visit from a wizard named Gandalf. Gandalf had decided that Bilbo would make an excellent burglar on an adventure he was planning, because he could move quickly and very quietly. To this request Bilbo promptly replied â€Å"We are plain quiet folk and have no use for adventures. Nasty uncomfortable things! Make you late for dinner! I can’t see what anybody sees in them†¦Good morning!†¦ we don’t want any adventures here, thank you! (6). Gandalf does not really give the hobbit a choice about going on the adventure. He marks the hobbit’s door with his staff indicating that he is interested in an adventure, and soon after, dwarves start appearing at his doorstep. Bilbo had been called to an adventure by an outside force, attempted to refuse the call, and ended up accept ing the adventure. This is the first stage in a hero’s journey. Another component of a hero’s journey includes a  guide. Gandalf, a wizard capable of performing  magic spells  accompanies Bilbo and the dwarves on part of their quest. Like many supernatural aids, he is called upon at different points in the journey to save the others. Bilbo discovers three trolls sitting around a fire. The trolls catch Bilbo when he tries to steal a purse from William, one of the trolls. The dwarves are also caught. Then, the trolls begin to argue about whether or not they should eat the dwarves and Bilbo. Gandalf returns just in time, and saves Bilbo and the dwarves. According to Campbell, the hero must fulfill the quest using his own strengths alone, so he can learn what his strengths are. Where was Gandalf† (56). After Gandalf and  the company  are saved by the eagles from the Goblins and the Wargs, they are taken to safety to eat and rest. The next  day, Gandalf tells them that he must leave for a while. The guide  often disappears at some point along the journey to allow this to happen, which Gandalf does. With the help of  the guide, Bilbo evolves as a leader and a hero of the group by showing his strengths. Bilbo was very brave when he got was separated from the rest of the group, and had to find his way out of the evil mountain. He also thought of a clever plan to put all of the dwarves in barrels and sail them down the river to escape. These strengths  show  how Bilbo started out extremely cautious, and became a great leader. Bilbo eventually accepts the idea that he is leaving his safe haven in the shire and accepting the call and risks the adventure brings. â€Å"†¦. Bilbo could never remember how he found himself outside, without a  walking  stick or any money†¦running as fast as his feet could carry him down the lane† (28). He was on his way with Gandalf to meet the others at the Inn to begin the journey. He and the others mounted the ponies and headed into the Lone-lands. He even thought to himself early in the trip that adventures were not so bad after all. He had taken a big  step  as he crossed the first threshold leaving his home behind to enter a world unknown. This is a critical stage in a hero’s journey. Bilbo Baggins clearly emerges as a heroic figure as he progresses through the stages of a hero’s journey as outlined by Campbell. He was called to an adventure by an outside force, Gandalf. As with many heroes he attempted to refuse the offer, but was unsuccessful. Gandalf the wizard acts as hisguide  and protector along the journey, while still allowing him to reveal his own strengths. Bilbo takes a critical  step  in the  process  as he crosses the threshold from his safe environment into one  filled with  danger. He was transformed from a cautious, home loving hobbit at the beginning of  the story  into a brave confident hero by the end. According to Thorin, Bilbo had become†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦a good companion on our long road and a hobbit full of courage and resource far exceeding his size†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (191). How to cite The Hobbit Hero’s Journey, Papers

Thå Bush Tax Cut Plan Essay Sample free essay sample

During thà ¥ 1990s, bà ¥causà ¥ thà ¥ fà ¥dà ¥ral budgà ¥t dà ¥ficit cà ®ntinuà ¥d tà ® bà ¥ a prà ®blà ¥m fà ®r thà ¥ Clintà ®n Administratià ®n, many traditià ®nally sacrà ®sanct fà ¥dà ¥ral prà ®grams wà ¥rà ¥ put undà ¥r thà ¥ micrà ®scà ®pà ¥ . Hà ®wà ¥và ¥r, thà ¥ currà ¥nt administratià ®n and thà ¥ir figurà ¥hà ¥ad, Prà ¥sidà ¥nt Gà ¥Ãƒ ®rgà ¥ W. Bush, havà ¥ tà ® undà ¥rgà ® an à ¥ntirà ¥ly diffà ¥rà ¥nt sort à ®f examination. Prà ¥sà ¥ntly, facà ¥d with a fà ¥dà ¥ral budgà ¥t excess prà ®vidà ¥d by thà ¥ir prà ¥dà ¥cà ¥ssà ®rs, thà ¥ Bush Administratià ®n is prà ®pà ®sing tà ® fund a revenue enhancement cut, which has dà ¥mà ®crats up in weaponries. Whilà ¥ Prà ¥sidà ¥nt Bush trià ¥s tà ® addition bi-partisan suppà ®rt à ®n Capità ®l Hill fà ®r his prà ®pà ®sà ¥d revenue enhancement cut, hà ¥ cà ®ntinuà ¥s tà ® fà ®rmulatà ¥ his agà ¥nda by và ®icing his administratià ®n’s vi à ¥w in a public fà ®rum. We will write a custom essay sample on Thà ¥ Bush Tax Cut Plan Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The recent nature of the revenue enhancement cut has besides had an consequence on the conflicting positions, since all the beginnings are mere anticipations and hence can non establish their analyses on concrete information and experience. These differing economic prognosiss will be identified and explained in order to do some sense out of the effects of the revenue enhancement cut. However, the Bush revenue enhancement alleviation program must foremost be described and enumerated. The Bush revenue enhancement program, although the motivation behind it remains unelaborated at best, reduces the sum of money every American has to pay to the federal authorities from their income. Although the revenue enhancement cut seems wide and embracing, federal income revenue enhancement is merely portion of what every worker loses off his payroll check. But more on that later. Harmonizing to the official Bush revenue enhancement alleviation web site, the typical family of four will be able to salvage at least $ 1,600 of their ain money after the revenue enhancement cut goes into consequence. These nest eggs are derived from a program that can be divided into six constituents: changing the fringy rate construction, increasing the kid revenue enhancement recognition sum, cut downing the matrimony punishment, eliminated the decease revenue enhancement, spread outing charity revenue enhancement refunds and supplying a lasting revenue enhancement recognition for companies for res earch and development. The first portion of the program is to â€Å"simplify† the fringy revenue enhancement rate construction by cut downing the figure of brackets from 5 to 4. The original brackets were at 15, 28, 31 36, and 39.6 per centum as compared to the new revenue enhancement brackets are established as 10, 15, 25 and 33. This decrease and reorganisation consequences in an overall revenue enhancement decrease for every taxpayer in America. The new fringy revenue enhancement rates are designed to provide inducement to the common worker and cut down the decreasing fringy benefit of working. For illustration, if one was gaining a certain sum of money, but would be taxed more on extra rewards due to additions in productiveness or clip at work, so that individual would non work in order to avoid paying the higher revenue enhancement rate that the new net incomes put him in. If these employees do non work, so productiveness as a whole economic system will diminish as a consequence of non-incentiv e fringy revenue enhancement rates. Bush has besides altered the revenue enhancement system to suit for the household construction, as the following two constituents illustrate. First, the revenue enhancement recognition on kids is doubled to $ 1,000 per kid, to update the turning cost of prolonging raising a kid in today’s society. Besides, the 3rd constituent of the revenue enhancement program reduces the matrimony punishment, which occurs when partners file a joint return by reinstating the 10 per centum decrease. These benefits are targeted at one-parent families that are fighting to do terminals run into by trying to work every bit good as rise kids. The 4th constituent of the program is to bit by bit cut down the revenue enhancement on familial estates until 2010 when it will be wholly eliminated. This program will increase the sum of money that kids receive from their relations and friends. Bush’s claims are that the fact that estates are taxed once more upon heritage is unjust and that it discourages nest eggs and private investing. The 5th portion of the revenue enhancement cut program is the spread outing of the kingdom of charitable tax write-offs. Prior to the revenue enhancement cut, all contributions and charities needed to be itemized in order to have a refund from the IRS. Now even un-itemized parts to charity will be acceptable for refund. Bush estimates that 70 per centum of charitable contributions are those, which are un-itemized, and that if these sorts of parts are offered revenue enhancement tax write-offs, so philanthropic gift as a whole will increase. The last portion of the decreases is targeted at concerns and corporations to excite growing and invention. This revenue enhancement recognition plan allows companies to have recognition based on their outgos for research and development. This will be reinstated for good, as spreads in this decrease, originated in 1981 with the Reagan revenue enhancement cuts, failed to profit corporations systematically. From an economic point of position, revenue enhancements as a whole put a negative influence on the economic system. However, revenue enhancements are inevitable because citizens expect the authorities to supply assorted goods and services that are for public usage. Government expenditures for the overall good of the people must come at a cost to the people they benefit ; they are covered by the revenue enhancements paid on goods and incomes. The negative effect of revenue enhancements is revealed by the deadweight losingss that create an inefficient market place. A deadweight loss is the autumn in entire excess that consequences from a market deformation, such as revenue enhancement. A deadweight loss can be more clearly understood if examined in the supply and demand theoretical account of any market. The revenue enhancement can be measured as a rectangle with a certain tallness from the monetary value axis, wedged between the diagonals of supply and demand. The rectangle represents the revenue enhancement gross while the trigon, which is created by the rectangle’s intersection of the diagonals, is equal to the deadweight loss. With authorities intercession, the revenue enhancement, the market can no longer apportion resources expeditiously and resources are fresh, accounting for the autumn in entire excess. This is a direct consequence of the revenue enhancement falsifying consumer inducements and interrupting t he equilibrium. Manufacturers sell less and consumers purchase less. This deadweight loss is to the economic system as a whole and can non be redeemed. Furthermore, the deadweight loss is straight proportionately to the sum of revenue enhancements that are imposed. ( Other determiners change this, such as the snap of the market ) This may hold been one of the many motivations behind the Bush revenue enhancement cut ; although it is extremely improbable. Conservatives frequently use this statement to warrant why authorities should remain out of the public’s concern every bit much as possible. An obvious ground for the cut is a political one, based on the fact that people will vote for person who gives them money back. Bush has claimed that the excess should be given back to the people who created it by paying high revenue enhancements. So the revenue enhancement would be like a refund for person who was overcharged on an point. Deducing from this, if people deserve a refund when there is a excess, what of the many times that the economic system has run shortages? Do people necessitate an addition every clip the authorities is in debt? A more economic ground for the Bush revenue enhancement program is the belief that by diminishing revenue enhancement rates, the gross will really increase. This was the major motivation behind the Reagan revenue enhancement cuts in 1981, which, unluckily, failed. This theory, works, on paper, nevertheless. Called the Laffer curve, this theory insists that when people are taxed less, there is a general addition in productiveness and people really pay more in revenue enhancements. This works, once more, on paper, because it claims that the revenue enhancement discourages people to work by diminishing inducements. If your difficult work is traveling to travel to the authorities, why non pass your clip basking yourself, and addition that value alternatively of working harder to pay high revenue enhancements. The Laffer curve provinces that lower revenue enhancements will increase people’s desire to work and the economic system as a whole will go more productive and people will st op up paying more money because they are paying a batch at a smaller rate, instead than a small on a high rate. The hard portion of this whole revenue enhancement state of affairs, is whether or non it is traveling to work. For it to work, there must be adequate money for everybody. Presently the argument is that conservativists and progressives have different sorts of Numberss to stand for different sorts of excesss. Paul Krugman, an influential economic expert and lobbyist shows how Bush’s new accounting methods distort the common position of the societal security excesss. He points out that figures â€Å"migrate on and off the balance sheet† in order to function the president’s current demand. This is backed by the belief by most that the excess that Bush is working with is 5.6 trillion dollars. However, this is entire budget of the authorities ; revenue enhancement gross subtracted from authorities outgos. The budget Bush promised non to bust to back up his revenue enhancement cut was societal security, which runs an estimated 838 billion dollar excess. It is of import here to analyze the Numberss. This figure was derived by the Citizens for Tax Justice, in February of 2000. This figure did non include the economic lag as of late nor did it include a possible addition in outgos in other countries of the authorities disbursement. Bush has already proposed an addition of at least 25.7 million dollars ( Shostak TNA ) . By uniting the entire budget excess into one ball amount, he hides the fact that he needs to utilize the societal security financess to back up his revenue enhancement cut. Besides, sing the events of September 11, the state will be passing more on defence and corporate bail-outs. When Bush proposed the program in 1999, it would hold been more ideal, with the economic system lifting and unemployment low. Now the economic system is in recession and he wants to suggest an indistinguishable program for the state? Now, conservativists claim that this figure does non include the excess revenue enhancements that the authorities will have on the created by lower revenue enhancements increasing the economic productiveness and employment. This is the Laffer curve statement once more. There is, nevertheless, a serious job with it. Bush’s revenue enhancement system was non designed as a financial step to battle the weak economic system that will further detriment the ability to raise new grosss. The revenue enhancement does non set the sum of money needed into the custodies of those who will pass it, the lower-middle category and working hapless. These people need to pass what they make for subsistence entirely. The affluent, who are acquiring the most benefit from the revenue enhancement cut money back ( says Bush, because they pay the most ) will keep the money and non pass it. The lowering of the top revenue enhancement bracket by 6.6 per centum will give the wealthiest 1 per centum of taxpayers 37.6 per centum of the gross. This, along with the abolition of the decease estate revenue enhancement, will let the rich to go rich and the hapless to fall by the roadside. Reducing high fringy revenue enhancement rates will hike inducements to work harder and put in things with a positive economic return. Probably most significantly, cut downing dividend revenue enhancement rates will hike the stock market, which will so excite both consumer and capital disbursement. The small people and little concerns are traveling to acquire the aid they need. Tax cuts include the decreased revenue enhancements for married twosomes, the enlargement of the lowest revenue enhancement bracket, and the steps that will forestall more taxpayers from paying the alternate minimal revenue enhancement. Many of the revenue enhancement interruptions earmarked for persons will significantly impact the personal revenue enhancement measures of forte nutrients and house wares concern proprietors every bit good. On the concern forepart, two new impermanent revenue enhancement interruptions were designed to promote investing in the forte nutrients and house wares concern. Small concerns can write off up to $ 100,000 in new equipment investings through 2005, every bit good as depreciate more of their assets through 2004. Today, nevertheless, is the clip to allow this new revenue enhancement jurisprudence aid excite the economic system of you and your concern. 10 Decreased revenue enhancement on dividend income will profit both sides of the fencing. Another encouragement could come from the $ 350 billion federal revenue enhancement cut that President George Bush signed into jurisprudence on May 28. The step reduces the revenue enhancement on dividend income to 15 per centum from ordinary income revenue enhancement rates every bit high as 35 per centum. Companies such as Bank of America and Microsoft Corp. already are reacting to these developments by boosting or establishing dividends on their common portions. Issuers are expected to take the following measure in tapping renewed demand for dividends by selling new preferable stock and retiring debt, which would profit both themselves and investors. Preferable purchasers get fixed dividends that typically can’t be reduced by the company, are higher than common dividends and are paid foremost if net incomes are deficient to cover both. More loosely, preferred holders can harvest equity like capital additions and bask bond like downside protection, with about half the revenu e enhancement load. 11 US Tank Truck bearers among 23 million little concerns will profit. Charles ( E. Wilson has spent 20 old ages covering the armored combat vehicle truck, armored combat vehicle container, and storage terminus industries throughout North, South, and Central America. ) A reappraisal of this year’s Gross Revenue Report shows that up to half of US tank truck bearers could harvest brawny benefits from the revenue enhancement cut statute law signed into jurisprudence by President George W Bush on May 28. These bearers are defined as little concerns, harmonizing to Small Business Administration ( SBA ) standard. Besides run intoing the little concern definition are many of the wash racks, armored combat vehicle fix stores, owner-operators, and others that support the armored combat vehicle truck industry. These companies are among 23 million little concerns eligible for revenue enhancement cuts under the Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act. Most significantly, the act enables little concerns to deprecate $ 100,000 in new capital outgos yearly through 2005. SBA has estimated that more than 500,000 companies will straight profit from this proviso. Furthermore, the threshold for phasing out write offing is raised to $ 400,000 – twic e the old sum. Although the fringy rate cuts are progressive, they do non follow useful rule because the construction of the American society is such that the working category will continually be overlooked and screwed over. And Mr. Bush surely is non assisting affairs by overlooking the fact that when societal security starts going a lasting shortage in 2015 because of the monolithic retired person population and the deficit of people to back up them, every bit good as the fact that they will be living longer, the authorities will necessitate a monolithic sum of money to salvage the plan. Alternatively of merely increasing revenue enhancements and diminishing benefits, the authorities will probably travel to a privatized system, where alternatively of paysheet revenue enhancement, the employee will lend to his ain subsidised history. This reform is estimated to necessitate one million millions of dollars to work. Despite the evident excess of financess from the authorities, it would non be prudent for the revenue enhancement cut to utilize 1.6 trillion dollars of it, particularly sing that it will likely non excite the economic system ; George W. Bush has already figured this out since he has tried to present a corporate stimulation bundle. Besides, the fact that he promised non to bust the already compressing societal security excess and so tried to conceal it by embracing the entire excess alternatively of individualising it. Although many Numberss are ill-defined and anticipation can non be accurate, it is clear that the revenue enhancement cut program is non suited for the state at the current clip, viz. because of the current economic lag and the unstable place of societal security. Bibliography:

Paganism History Essays - Religion, Wicca, Mother Goddesses

Paganism History Over 25,000 years ago, our ancestors across the continent practiced an ancient form of religion known as paganism. During the Neolithic and Paleolithic time era, our ancestors were in awe of the great manifestations of nature. Due to lack of scientific thought, they were riddled with ignorance and superstition. Everything had a supernatural explanation. They associated each naturalistic phenomena with a type of god, inscribing inanimate objects with life -like characteristics .This practice is referred to as animism. Every element ,be it thunder ,rain or the sun ,was thought to be a god (or goddess) within it. Eventually their gods became an object of worship known as polytheism. Eventually many forms of polytheism evolved to what is known as paganism. Modern Paganism Now defined as :The worship of a god or goddess whose roots are in pre-Christian Western Europe. Modern paganism is alive and well today. It consists of many sub-divisions .These include ~Wicca ,druidism Santeria and many others. Wicca focuses on the worship of a god and goddess .In Wicca ,there is a plethora of pantheon of deities that one can choose from including: Greek, Norse ,roman etc...... Focusing on a Greek Wiccan tradition ,this will be describing the pagan festival of Hectare. The Festival of Hecate The festival of Hecate is celebrated between the 3rd and 4th Saturday of August. (which ever is closest to the new moon) It is in honor of the Greek goddess Hecate. She was first worshipped in ancient Greece -called the triple goddess of magic. She is often represented in triple form ; maiden (youth) ,mother (fertility) and crone (the wise woman). In ancient Rome ,she was known as trevia ,the cross road with three paths. Hecate is symbolized by the phases of the moon. Each attribute correlates with a particular phase of the moon. The waxing moon (maiden),the full moon (mother) and the new moon( crone). The Ceremony~ Upon arrival at the festival in Georgetown Delaware, everyone gathers for the lecture. This is to educate the newcomers as to what the ceremony entails. The ceremony is always rehearsed before it is performed. After the lecture ,there is a large potluck feast to keep everyone energized for the evenings festivities. The processional~ When the sun sets, the processional begins. With everyone in their appropriate magical attire,(consisting of a robe and jewelry) everyone lines up proceeds with the first phase. This is called consecration- each person is consecrated . This is done by covering the body in incense smoke and sprinkling of water. This is a purification process that cleanses the body of negative energy prior to the ritual. Next each person is permitted to enter the circle one by one. Once everyone is inside the circle, the next phase begins. Calling of the quarters~ At this point ,the high priest/priestess begins the calling of the quarters or summoning the elements. Each direction is marked by an altar and each is represented by an element. West =air, east=water , north=earth and south=fire. The high priest approaches each point ,says a chant and ends the chant with the phrase ""hail and welcome"". After the elements are called , the highpoint of the ritual begins ~ the invocation The Invocation~ The invocation is where the goddess is invited to attend the ceremony. The invitation is done through a series of chants . Ex: ""He Kau ,He Kau , He Kau"" Hecate trevia trimorphos Hecate queen of the moon and all her phases"" 3 X''s (Hek a ta) Next 3 women are chosen to represent Hecate ,each representing one of her aspects.(they are chosen prior to the ritual) The maiden is in white (purity) the mother in red (fertility) and crone in black(wisdom) These women remain in the circle. At this point the goddess speaks to the participants .Each one gives a brief message ,usually a blessing or advice. Once the crone has finished, each participant is invited to approach any of the three forms and speak to them. They may ask for advice ,offering or a boon. Once everyone has had their turn to speak with Hecate,the group becomes silent. The goddess is thanked and dismissed. Sometimes during a ritual a participant may feel a bit overwhelmed with the energy that has been raised. It is for this reason ,that the next phase ,called grounding takes place. This is done by simply placing the hands on the ground and releasing the energy. Once the grounding has been performed,it is time to close the quarters or dismiss the elements. Like the opening , the

Biography of Jorge Luis Borges (1899-1986)

Biography of Jorge Luis Borges (1899-1986) Jorge Luà ­s Borges was an Argentine writer who specialized in short stories, poems, and essays. Although he never wrote a novel, he is considered one of the most important writers of his generation, not only in his native Argentina but around the world. Often imitated but never duplicated, his innovative style and stunning concepts made him a â€Å"writer’s writer,† a favorite inspiration for storytellers everywhere. Early Life Jorge Francisco Isidoro Luà ­s Borges was born in Buenos Aires on August 24, 1899, to middle-class parents from a family with a distinguished military background. His paternal grandmother was English, and young Jorge mastered English at an early age. They lived in the Palermo district of Buenos Aires, which at the time was a bit rough. The family moved to Geneva, Switzerland, in 1914 and remained there for the duration of the First World War. Jorge graduated from high school in 1918 and picked up German and French while he was in Europe. Ultra and Ultraism The family traveled around Spain after the war, visiting several cities before moving back to Buenos Aires in Argentina. During his time in Europe, Borges was exposed to several groundbreaking writers and literary movements. While in Madrid, Borges participated in the founding of Ultraism, a literary movement that sought a new sort of poetry, free from form and maudlin imagery. Together with a handful of other young writers, he published the literary journal Ultra. Borges returned to Buenos Aires in 1921 and brought his avant-garde ideas with him. Early Work in Argentina: Back in Buenos Aires, Borges wasted no time in establishing new literary journals. He helped found the journal Proa, and published several poems with the journal Martà ­n Fierro, named after the famous Argentine Epic Poem. In 1923 he published his first book of poems, Fervor de Buenos Aires. He followed this with other volumes, including Luna de Enfrente in 1925 and the award-winning Cuaderno de San Martà ­n in 1929. Borges would later grow to disdain his early works, essentially disowning them as too heavy on local color. He even went so far as to buy copies of old journals and books in order to burn them. Short Stories by Jorge Luis Borges: In the 1930s and 1940s, Borges began writing short fiction, the genre which would make him famous. During the 1930s, he published several stories in the various literary journals in Buenos Aires. He released his first collection of stories, The Garden of Forking Paths, in 1941 and followed it up shortly thereafter with Artifices. The two were combined into Ficciones in 1944. In 1949 he published El Aleph, his second major collection of short stories. These two collections represent Borges’ most important work, containing several dazzling stories that took Latin American literature in a new direction. Under the Perà ³n Regime: Although he was a literary radical, Borges was a bit of a conservative in his private and political life, and he suffered under the liberal Juan Perà ³n dictatorship, although he was not jailed like some high profile dissidents. His reputation was growing, and by 1950 he was in demand as a lecturer. He was particularly sought after as a speaker on English and American Literature. The Perà ³n regime kept an eye on him, sending a police informer to many of his lectures. His family was harassed as well. All in all, he managed to keep a low enough profile during the Perà ³n years to avoid any trouble with the government. International Fame: By the 1960s, readers around the world had discovered Borges, whose works were translated into several different languages. In 1961 he was invited to the United States and spent several months giving lectures in different venues. He returned to Europe in 1963 and saw some old childhood friends. In Argentina, he was awarded his dream job: director of the National Library. Unfortunately, his eyesight was failing, and he had to have others read books aloud to him. He continued to write and publish poems, short stories, and essays. He also collaborated on projects with his close friend, the writer Adolfo Bioy Casares. Jorge Luis Borges in the 1970’s and 1980’s: Borges continued to publish books well into the 1970’s. He stepped down as director of the National Library when Perà ³n returned to power in 1973. He initially supported the military junta that seized power in 1976 but soon grew disenchanted with them and by 1980 he was openly speaking out against the disappearances. His international stature and fame assured that he would not be a target like so many of his countrymen. Some felt that he did not do enough with his influence to stop the atrocities of the Dirty War. In 1985 he moved to Geneva, Switzerland, where he died in 1986. Personal Life: In 1967 Borges married Elsa Astete Milln, an old friend, but it did not last. He spent most of his adult life living with his mother, who died in 1975 at the age of 99. In 1986 he married his longtime assistant Maria Kodama. She was in her early 40’s and had earned a doctorate in literature, and the two had traveled together extensively in previous years. The marriage lasted only a couple of months before Borges passed away. He had no children. His Literature: Borges wrote volumes of stories, essays, and poems, although it is the short stories that brought him the most international fame. He is considered a groundbreaking writer, paving the way for the innovative Latin American literary boom of the mid-to-late 20th century. Major literary figures such as Carlos Fuentes and Julio Cortzar admit that Borges was a great source of inspiration for them. He was also a great source for interesting quotes. Those unfamiliar with Borges works may find them a little difficult at first, as his language tends to be dense. His stories are easy to find in English, either in books or on the internet. Here is a short reading list of some of his more accessible stories: Death and the Compass: A brilliant detective matches wits with a cunning criminal in one of Argentinas best-loved detective stories.The Secret Miracle: A Jewish playwright sentenced to death by the Nazis asks for and receives a miracle...or does he?The Dead Man: Argentine gauchos mete out their particular brand of justice to one of their own.

PENA - Surname Origin, Meaning and Famous Penas

PENA - Surname Origin, Meaning and Famous Penas Individuals with the Peà ±a surname may have originally lived near a cliff, large rock, or rocky land, The surname  derives from the Spanish word peà ±a, meaning rock, crag or cliff.  The name is especially common  in Galicia, Leà ³n, and Castile, Spain. Peà ±a is the 42nd most common Hispanic surname. Surname Origin:  Spanish Alternate Surname Spellings: PINA, PINILLA, PENNETTA, PENNAZZI Famous People with the Surname PENA Enrique Peà ±a Nieto - Mexican lawyer and politician; president of MexicoPaco Peà ±a - Spanish flamenco guitarist and composerMichael Pena - American actor Genealogy Resources for the Surname PENA 50 Common Hispanic Surnames Their MeaningsGarcia, Martinez, Rodriguez, Lopez, Hernandez... Are you one of the millions of people sporting one of these top 50 common Hispanic last names? The PENA DNA ProjectThis Y-DNA and mtDNA project is open to all families with the Pena surname, of all spelling variations and all locations. Use DNA to connect and work together to discover your common Pena ancestors.   PENA Family Genealogy ForumSearch this popular genealogy forum for the Pena surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Pena query. FamilySearch - PENA GenealogyFind records, queries, and lineage-linked family trees posted for the Pena surname and its variations. PENA Surname Family Mailing ListsRootsWeb hosts several free mailing lists for researchers of the Pena surname. DistantCousin.com - PENA Genealogy Family HistoryFree databases and genealogy links for the last name Pena. Looking for the meaning of a given name? Check out First Name Meanings Cant find your last name listed? Suggest a surname to be added to the Glossary of Surname Meanings Origins. - References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil. Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967. Menk, Lars. A Dictionary of German Jewish Surnames. Avotaynu, 2005. Beider, Alexander. A Dictionary of Jewish Surnames from Galicia. Avotaynu, 2004. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges. A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick. Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Smith, Elsdon C. American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997. Back to Glossary of Surname Meanings Origins

The marketing information system (MIS) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The marketing information system (MIS) - Essay Example Above all, marketing is a tool that fulfills the needs of the people via a substituting process and creating enduring partnerships. Marketing Information System is created to provide back up when the need to come up with significant marketing decisions (Kotler, Keller, & Lane, 2006, p. 34). This can be explained as a structure where information regarding marketing is officially examine collected, recorded, examined and sent to administrators in reference with their information requirements regularly. According to Kotler, et al. (2006) marketing information system represents individuals, tools and processes that collect, classify, analyze, examine and dispense required, suitable and right information to the marketing administrators. p.42. This paper narrows down the topic to MIS methods and consumer behavior stimuli. It also outlines the link between MIS methods and consumer behavior stimuli. This paper is systematically structured whereby the main methods to develop marketing informa tion are first introduced. Later on in the paper, these three main methods are linked to consumer behavior stimuli, where appropriate MIS methods to address each buyer behavior stimulus (in B2C and B2B), is established. Finally, the paper discusses each Stimulus in relation to the nature and pros& cons of MIS tool. A large number of firms construct wide internal data bases, electrical compilations of data collected from data resources in the firm. Marketing managers have the ability to retrieve and manage the data and information presented in the data base to establish marketing chances and intricacies (Kotler, 1988, p 102). They can outline action plans and analyze the firms functioning from these internal databases. Above all, the information present in the internal data base can originate from a wide range of resources. For instance, the accounts division can come up with financial accounts and maintains